Treatment of Cervicogenic Headache & Neck-Related Migraine Using Low Level Laser/Photobiomodulation Therapy

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), also known as Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT), uses red and near-infrared light applied over targeted areas. In our clinic it is used as part of a GP-led treatment approach for selected musculoskeletal pain and injury presentations, including cervicogenic headache and neck-related migraine or headache presentations 

PBMT/LLLT is non-invasive and generally well tolerated. Suitability and response vary, and treatment recommendations depend on the diagnosis, severity, duration of symptoms and individual clinical factors. PBMT/LLLT has been studied for a range of musculoskeletal pain and injury conditions. See our references page for supporting literature.

Gentle. Drug-Free. Evidence-Informed

Neck,And,Head,Pain

Key Points

  • Cervicogenic headaches originate from dysfunction in the cervical spine, including joints, discs, ligaments and muscles, and can mimic migraines or tension-type headaches.
  • Common causes include postural strain, cervical disc bulges, muscle tightness, past trauma such as whiplash, and chronic inflammation or irritation in the neck.
  • Symptoms typically begin in the neck and radiate to the head, are often one-sided, aggravated by neck movement or posture, and may include dizziness, neck stiffness, or reduced range of motion.
  • Some migraine presentations may be triggered or aggravated by cervical spine dysfunction, especially when headache episodes are associated with neck pain, stiffness, or restricted movement.
  • Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), or Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT), may be considered for selected cervicogenic headache and neck-related headache presentations where inflammation, soft tissue irritation or nerve sensitivity is contributing to symptoms.
  • LLLT may be particularly relevant for sensitive or persistent neck-related headache presentations where pressure, stretching, repeated movement or some other interventions can aggravate symptoms.
  • Some commonly used approaches, such as medication, injections, repeated loading, stretching or manual pressure, may not be suitable for every stage of recovery. We provide advice based on the diagnosis, symptom severity and clinical assessment.
  • Treatment is GP-led by Dr Shikha Parmar and delivered under medical supervision as part of a structured, six-week program tailored to your needs.
  • PBMT/LLLT has been studied in a range of musculoskeletal pain and injury conditions and is generally well tolerated. Individual responses vary, and outcomes depend on the condition being treated and the stage of recovery.
  • May be helpful to consider for people with persistent cervicogenic headache or neck-related headache symptoms who have not improved with usual conservative care, after appropriate medical assessment.

 

Click here for FAQ/Costs

What are Cervicogenic Headaches?

Cervicogenic headaches are a type of headache that originates from the neck, typically caused by dysfunction or damage in the cervical spine, including joints, discs, ligaments, and muscles. Although the pain is felt in the head, the source lies in the upper cervical spine and surrounding tissues. This type of headache is often mistaken for migraine or tension-type headaches but has a distinct musculoskeletal origin.

Many patients also experience migraines triggered by neck dysfunction, particularly from prior injuries or chronic strain, blurring the line between classic migraine and cervicogenic headache.

Common Causes:

Cervicogenic headaches commonly arise from:

  • Cervical disc bulges or degenerative changes irritating local tissues
  • Postural strain from prolonged computer or mobile device use
  • Neck muscle dysfunction or tightness from whiplash, falls, or sports injuries
  • Chronic inflammation in cervical joints or ligaments
  • Referred pain from deep neck structures
  • Intermittent migraine attacks triggered by flare-ups in chronic neck dysfunction

Symptoms

Bulging cervical discs may compress or irritate nerves and soft tissues, causing tightness and soreness in the neck muscles. These muscles are directly connected to the scalp and head, contributing to headache and migraine symptoms.

Cervicogenic headaches are referred pain from structures in the neck, such as joints, discs, muscles and nerves. They are secondary headaches, meaning the headache is a symptom of a cervical or neck problem.

Common Symptoms of Cervicogenic Headache & Migraine:

  • Pain that starts in the neck and radiates to the head
  • Often begins in the base of the skull, known as the suboccipital region, and may spread to the forehead, temple, eye area, or top of the head
  • One-sided head pain, typically affecting only one side, although it can occasionally switch sides
  • Often described as throbbing or pulsating pain in migraine
  • Reduced neck range of motion
  • Turning or moving the neck may increase the headache or feel restricted or painful
  • Headache triggered or worsened by neck movement or posture
  • Prolonged sitting, looking down, or certain sleeping positions can exacerbate the headache
  • Tenderness over the upper cervical spine
  • Palpation of the upper neck, especially the C1–C3 vertebrae, may reproduce the pain
  • Pain that may be deep, dull, aching, non-throbbing, and steady, rather than pulsating like a migraine
  • Associated neck symptoms, including stiffness, muscle tightness, or shoulder/arm discomfort on the affected side
  • Sometimes associated with dizziness or light-headedness, especially if the upper cervical spine is involved

Cervicogenic Migraines

These are essentially migraines with cervical musculoskeletal contributors which may be triggered or aggravated by neck dysfunction. They present as migraines, a primary headache disorder, but with clear neck involvement.

In addition to the symptoms mentioned above there may be:

  • Sensitivity to light, sound, and/or smell
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Visual disturbances or aura
  • Headache attacks lasting 4-72 hours
  • Triggers including neck strain, poor posture, or cervical spine irritation

How are Cervicogenic Headaches & Migraines diagnosed?

Diagnosing cervicogenic headache involves a thorough assessment by a healthcare professional to identify any underlying cervical spine dysfunction. Dr Shikha Parmar will begin by reviewing your medical history, including any recent neck injuries, posture-related habits, and the onset of symptoms. The following diagnostic methods are commonly used to assess cervicogenic headache:

Key Diagnostic Steps:

  • Medical History: A detailed inquiry into the onset of headaches, frequency, triggers, neck pain, and any previous injuries such as whiplash.
  • Physical Examination: Palpation and movement tests to assess neck muscle tension, tenderness, and restricted movement. A specific test for cervicogenic headache involves applying pressure to certain areas in the cervical spine, such as the C1–C3 vertebrae, to see if it reproduces the headache.
  • Imaging: In some cases, X-rays, MRI, or CT scans may be used to rule out other causes, such as disc herniations, arthritis, or bone spurs, that might be contributing to nerve irritation or compression in the cervical spine.
  • Nerve Testing: If nerve involvement is suspected, such as in cervical radiculopathy, an EMG or nerve conduction study may be used to evaluate nerve function.

The diagnosis of cervicogenic headache typically relies on clinical criteria, where the headache originates from the neck, and symptoms are reproduced through neck movement or pressure on the cervical spine.

Cervicogenic Headaches & Migraines – Treatment Overview

Why Consider Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT)?

Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), also known as Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT), is a gentle, non-invasive treatment approach that may help modulate inflammation, calm irritated nerves and support tissue recovery. It may be suited to selected cervicogenic headache and neck-related migraine presentations where sensitive cervical tissues are aggravated by pressure, stretching, or repeated movement.

Why We Use LLLT

Many patients present after limited relief from medications, physiotherapy, or massage. These approaches may reduce symptoms temporarily, but may not be suitable for every stage of recovery, especially if stretching, pressure or exercise aggravates sensitive neck tissues.

Why ice, anti-inflammatories, cortisone, and PRP may not support long-term recovery. Read more 

How LLLT Supports Healing

LLLT uses red and near-infrared light to:

  • Help modulate inflammation and oxidative stress
  • Support local circulation and oxygenation
  • Support lymphatic drainage
  • Support cellular energy production (ATP)
  • Support soft tissue and nerve recovery processes where irritation is present
  • Assist pain reduction without mechanical loading or stressing the cervical spine
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Treating the Symptoms vs Supporting Recovery

  • Botox™: May help reduce chronic migraine or tension-type headache symptoms by relaxing targeted muscles. Its role is different from LLLT/PBMT, which is directed at local cervical tissue irritation and inflammation where these are contributing to symptoms.
  • Cervical Support: Soft collars may help short-term in selected cases. They are usually used as a temporary support rather than a long-term treatment.
  • Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT): May assist recovery by helping to modulate inflammation, support tissue repair processes and reduce pain sensitivity without mechanical strain on the cervical spine.
Cervical

Non-Invasive and Supported by Research

PBMT/LLLT is non-invasive and generally well tolerated. It has been studied for a range of musculoskeletal pain and injury conditions. See our references page for supporting literature.

See how LLLT may support the cellular environment involved in tissue recovery here 

Our Treatment Program

Every patient receives a medical assessment with Dr Shikha Parmar (GP) to confirm the diagnosis and assess whether LLLT is suitable. Our structured six-week program includes:

  • Up to 12 LLLT sessions
  • Early progress review after the first 6 treatments
  • Personalised injury and activity advice
  • A guided rehabilitation plan to support longer-term function

Progress is reviewed during the program. Many patients notice appreciable improvement after the first 6 treatments. If there has not been sufficient improvement by this review point, further treatment may not be recommended.

View the full treatment protocol and expected outcomes here 

Ready to Discuss Your Cervicogenic Headache or Neck-Related Migraine Treatment Options?

If you are struggling with cervicogenic headache or neck-related migraine symptoms, we invite you to contact our team at Laser Pain Therapy to discuss whether LLLT may be suitable for your presentation. Treatment suitability and outcomes vary, and assessment is required before recommendations can be made.

Contact us to arrange your consultation.
📍 Located in Melbourne
📞 (03) 8529 2225 Contact Us

View treatment cost here

Cost / FAQ

At Laser Pain Therapy, we use the terms Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) and Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) interchangeably, as they both refer to the same therapeutic approach. “LLLT” specifically focuses on the use of laser light, while “PBMT” is the broader scientific term describing how light interacts with cells and tissues to influence biological processes involved in tissue recovery.

Both terms refer to light-based therapy that acts on cellular processes involved in local inflammatory modulation, tissue recovery, and healing.

The initial consultation with Dr Shikha Parmar requires up to 60 minutes where your condition is fully assessed along with your medical history. Dr Parmar will take a thorough history of your problem from its onset, through its progression to now. She will review any imaging reports pertaining to your problem, and may recommend further investigations. Dr Parmar will give you a detailed explanation of your problem, and will discuss our holistic approach and management plan including the utilisation of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT). If your condition is amenable to LLLT the treatment is commenced at the initial consultation. A medical consultation with Dr Shikha Parmar, GP, is billed and is rebatable through Medicare for patients who hold a Medicare card.


The fee for an initial consultation including Low Level Laser Therapy treatment is $265.00. This includes a Medicare rebate for the GP consultation of $87.10, the out of pocket cost being $177.90.


Pension and Health Care Card holders receive a further reduced fee for the initial consultation of $215.00 only with the out of pocket fee (gap fee) being $127.90.

For each subsequent follow-up consultation involving review of progress, tailored advice and management, and Low Level Laser Therapy treatment, a fee of $135.00 applies. This includes a Medicare rebate for the GP consultation of $45.05, the out of pocket cost (gap fee) being $89.95.

Longer review visits are charged at $215.00 which includes a Medicare rebate $87.10, the out-of-pocket cost being $127.90.

A $15.00 surcharge applies to appointments after 6pm.

Fees may be subject to change and will be confirmed with you at the time of booking. We utilise specialised equipment from Europe and the USA, operated with the assistance of highly trained clinic assistants. No further rebate can be claimed from private health insurance. We are unable to offer bulk billing.

Yes. LLLT/PBMT has been used clinically in Europe for nearly 30 years and has been the subject of substantial published research. The literature includes double-blind studies, laboratory studies, randomised controlled trials, clinical studies and systematic reviews. The strength of evidence varies according to the condition being treated, treatment parameters and clinical context.

Published literature includes papers in journals such as:

  • Nature, Pain, PNS, Blood, BMJ, Spine, Muscle and Nerve, The Lancet, Circulation and BJSM
  • Around 30 LLLT papers published per month
  • Over 4000 laboratory studies and over 400 randomised controlled trials

Over 2,500 clinical studies and published research reports have investigated the use of LLLT/PBMT across a variety of health issues. In the LLLT dental literature alone, involving 370 studies, more than 90% of these studies have reported clinical value for laser therapy.

LLLT has been used in veterinary practices for decades. In recent years, professional sports teams have also begun utilising LLLT/PBMT.

In the last 20 years, 8 systematic reviews have reported findings in favour of LLLT/PBMT in selected clinical contexts, including:

  • American College of Physicians Guidelines include a “strong recommendation” for Low-Level Laser Therapy as a non-invasive treatment for acute, subacute & chronic low back pain. (2017) Click here
  • BMJ LLLT for chronic non-specific low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials found “moderate quality of evidence” and “clinically important benefits” in the short term. (2016) Click here
  • BMJ sports medicine journal, systematic review of surgical and conservative interventions for frozen shoulder found “strong evidence” for LLLT. (2010) Click here
  • The BMJ clinical evidence recommendations for tennis elbow 2011 now include LLLT Click here
  • American Physical Therapy Association guidelines recommend LLLT for Achilles tendonitis. (2010) Click here
  • Lancet systematic review: “LLLT reduces pain immediately after treatment in acute neck pain and up to 22 weeks after completion of treatment in patients with chronic neck pain”. (2009) Click here
  • World Health Organisation Bone and Joint Task Force for neck pain reported Low Level Laser Therapy as “more effective than no treatment, sham, or alternative interventions”. (2008) Click here

Laser Therapy does not heat or cut tissue, unlike high intensity lasers. The question is often asked: “If it’s a laser, aren’t lasers used in surgical operations to cauterise tissue?” The answer is yes. High intensity surgical lasers can cauterise or cut tissue. The lasers used at Laser Pain Therapy are Class 3B low level lasers, a well-researched class in LLLT, designed for low-intensity therapeutic application. Our lasers use light energy to influence cellular processes rather than heat or cut tissue.

Regulatory bodies assess LLLT/PBMT devices according to intended use and device class. Device selection, dosing and clinical supervision are important for appropriate application.

For the past 30 years, Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) technology has been formally accepted in many parts of the world such as Canada, USA, Brazil, Europe, Scandinavia, Russia and Japan. Published research and clinical experience over this period support a favourable tolerability profile. LLLT/PBMT is non-invasive and generally well tolerated.

Industry has been using laser diodes for years in applications such as bar code readers, CD players, DVD players, laser printers and pointers. Some bio-stimulation laser devices have been listed as non-significant risk (NSR) devices in specific regulatory contexts.

Hundreds of research studies have investigated Laser Therapy in pain and tissue recovery settings. Laser Therapy is non-invasive and non-thermal. Over 400 LLLT clinical trials (RCTs) and over 2500 laboratory studies have been published. Comparisons with pharmaceutical anti-inflammatory medication depend on the condition being treated, study design and treatment parameters.

LLLT has also been investigated for tissue recovery processes, muscle fatigue, muscle damage and delayed onset muscle soreness, or DOMS.

Most patients tolerate LLLT/PBMT well. Patients may occasionally experience mild discomfort or aching after treatment. This is usually temporary and should settle within 24 to 48 hours.

LLLT/PBMT uses red and near-infrared light and does not use ionising radiation. No mutational effects have been observed from light with wavelengths in the red or infrared range and doses used within LLLT/PBMT in published studies.

Where a patient has known or suspected cancer, this requires medical assessment and appropriate management. LLLT/PBMT at Laser Pain Therapy is not used as a treatment for cancer.

The effects of LLLT/PBMT on cancer cells have been studied in vitro and in animal models, but these findings should not be translated into broad clinical claims about treating cancer or tumour behaviour in people. Treatment decisions are made according to the patient’s clinical context and medical history.

Similarly, laboratory findings involving bacteria or viruses can differ from clinical infection management. This section should not be read as a claim that LLLT/PBMT treats bacterial or viral infection. If infection is suspected, appropriate medical assessment and treatment are required.

Laser Therapy should be avoided in the following instances:

  • Over the womb for women in pregnancy
  • Over cancerous tumour, primary or secondary (LLLT is not a treatment for these conditions)
  • Direct irradiation of the eyes

At Laser Pain Therapy, we use state-of-the-art, TGA-approved laser devices, applied by highly trained assistants. Our laser devices deliver the appropriate red and infrared laser energy to trigger the desired tissue response. With the application of up to 37 diodes (laser lights) across multiple devices, we ensure time-efficient treatment without compromising dosage or energy delivery. Unlike LED devices, our laser technology provides deeper penetration and more effective tissue healing.

Dr Shikha Parmar, an experienced GP with over 30 years in General Practice and 14 years of expertise in photobiomodulation therapy, leads our clinic, making her one of the most experienced doctors in this field. Treatment at Laser Pain Therapy is medically supervised, ensuring each patient receives a thorough assessment that takes into account not only their presenting condition but also relevant health factors, such as co-morbidities, medications, lifestyle, work, personal activity demands, and nutritional deficiencies. This holistic approach allows us to tailor care with LLLT at the core, supported by personalised advice.

Additionally, our treatment plans are finite, with clear goal-setting and regular progress reviews, ensuring that each patient is on track towards long-term recovery and optimal outcomes.

At Laser Pain Therapy, we use advanced equipment with laser diodes, not LED lights. Unlike LEDs, laser diodes provide more focused light with deeper penetration, making them significantly more effective for treating musculoskeletal conditions.

Our state-of-the-art equipment features 37 laser diodes, allowing us to efficiently cover a larger surface area. This optimises treatment time, ensuring deeper penetration for superior results. Unlike devices that use just 2-4 diodes, our technology delivers more effective treatment in less time, promoting faster healing, reduced inflammation, and long-lasting pain relief.

The effects of LLLT are accumulative. The good news is that for most patients undergoing a treatment program, the results from the treatments are sustained. While some patients get immediate results, improvements are often not noticed until after 3 to 5 treatments. Most patients usually require 6-12 treatments to achieve resolution of the problem or a lasting effect.

More severe conditions will require more treatments than less severe injuries. Since each person’s condition varies in severity the doctor will determine after reviewing your condition how laser treatments may benefit you and how many you might require

Your situation will be assessed after 6 treatments and if there is no improvement after 6 to 8 treatments (very uncommon), LLLT will not be continued and alternatives will be looked at for your future management.

You will need to follow precautions in order to avoid re-injury or the pain may return. Low Level Laser Therapy not only helps injured tissues heal faster, it also makes them stronger and less vulnerable to re-injury.

Contact us to book a consultation at our clinic or to learn more about how this form of therapy could help you.

No. Low level lasers do not generate perceivable heat. Therefore, when the laser contacts the skin the patient experiences no burning as a result of the laser. Most people feel nothing at all while a few may feel a slight tingling or warmth during the treatment.

No. As Dr Shikha Parmar is a General Practitioner a doctor’s referral is not required.

With our dedicated clinic in Melbourne, contact us at Laser Pain Therapy to discuss how we can assist you

Images and Illustrations Disclaimer
Please note that the images, diagrams, and illustrations used on this website are for demonstration and illustrative purposes only. They are intended to provide a general overview of Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) and Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT). The specific methods and equipment we use at Laser Pain Therapy may differ from those depicted. For instance, while some images may show a small laser being applied to the skin, we utilise advanced cluster lasers equipped with multiple diodes, offering superior coverage and effectiveness for treating musculoskeletal conditions. Our treatment protocols are tailored to each patient’s unique needs, using the latest technology for optimal results.

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Laser Pain Therapy

South Yarra, Victoria
Suite 8, 200 Toorak Road
(Ground floor from William St)
South Yarra, Vic 3141
Ph: 03 8529 2225
Email us:
info@laserpaintherapy.com.au

 

Location

TRANSPORT ACCESS:
Train: South Yarra Station, 100m, 1 minute walk
Tram: Route 58, stop no. 127

Easy free street parking:
If driving you will find many free 1P and 2P spots on and around Toorak Rd and William St near the clinic.

 
Call now: 03 8529 2225
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Our Mission

We are dedicated to providing advanced, evidence-informed and affordable medical care for selected musculoskeletal pain and injury presentations. Our approach combines GP-led assessment, individual treatment planning, non-invasive PBMT/LLLT, and practical guidance to support pain relief, recovery, function, and quality of life.

Disclaimer

The contents of this website have not been evaluated by the Australian Government Department of Health. The information of this site is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. Individual articles are based upon the opinions of the author, who retains copyright as listed…..Continue Reading

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